b. Alkaline welding rods and fluxes shall be used and thoroughly dried.

b. Certain alloy elements are added to reduce columnar crystals and segregation. For example, aluminum and iron can refine grains.

d. Welding specifications shall be reasonably selected, and preheating and afterheating shall be adopted to reduce the cooling rate.
e. Adopt reasonable assembly sequence to reduce welding stress.

b. Reasonably preheat or use afterheat to control the cooling rate.

d. During tempering, avoid the sensitive temperature zone of reheat cracks or shorten the residence time in this temperature zone.

b. The preheating temperature shall be increased, the post heating measures shall be taken, and the interpass temperature shall not be less than the preheating temperature. The reasonable welding specification shall be selected to avoid brittle and hard structures in the weld.

d. Conduct hydrogen elimination heat treatment in time after welding